SUN TZU QUOTES'..."You have to believe in yourself."

Dumb Dog Production is a full-service Film Production Company. We hope you find the site informational and answers any questions you might have about the entertainment industry.

We do not claim that this site is a be all and means to an end, but to help guide and learn how the entertainment industry work.

Please do not hesitate to contact us for any questions.

Thank you,

Sherri (Bisbey) Rowe / Bruce Bisbey / James Bisbey

Email: brucedumbdog@gmail.com Dumb Dog Production Phone: +1 319-930-7978 Dumb Dog Productions LLC / Bus Lic.: 5084725 https://dumbdogproductions.com/ https://dumbdogproductionsllc.blogspot.com/ https://www.facebook.com/DumbDogProductionsLLC/

Friday, May 3, 2019

WHAT DOES AN INTERNET MOVIE DATABASE CREDIT MEAN? (In the Entertainment industry.)

IMDB / Photo Credit: Seed & Spark

WHAT DOES AN INTERNET MOVIE DATABASE CREDIT MEAN? (In the Entertainment industry.)         

Bruce Bisbey…please follow me at: https://dumbdogproductions.com/

What does an IMDB / Internet Movie Database credit mean?

IMDB lists the credits for television shows and films produced in the U.S. and internationally. IMDB lists everyone credited on a production. This includes the talent, directors, editors, and camera operators, set designers, make-up artists, production assistants and anyone else listed in a film’s credits. IMDB excludes credits for commercial advertising and non-professional work such as student and amateur films and home videos.

IMDb Credit Eligibility FAQ
I worked on a film/episode/etc. Can I be listed in the database?
If you worked on a film, video, TV show, episode, or game that is already listed in the database and you received on-screen credit, you should be eligible to be listed on IMDb. If we list the title but your name or credit does not yet appear on its IMDb page, you are welcome to submit it for inclusion.

What do you mean by "eligible"?
As stated above, the first and most important thing is to have received a credit on the title. There are a few additional requirements -- we normally only list people who were credited in the original version of a title. For films, this means we'll only list people credited in the initial original theatrical release; for TV titles, it means people credited when the show first aired.

In other words, we will not list individuals who worked and/or are only credited in the home video version, in the DVD deleted scenes, or in any other subsequent version. Also, we do not list credits for foreign language versions of a film (dubbing, dialogue editing, translations etc.), with the exception of the US dub of non-English animation.

I have worked on a film/show/episode that you do not list. What now?
We can only add credits to titles that are already in the database. If the title is not yet listed, you are welcome to submit it as a new entry and our editors, upon verification of its eligibility, will add it to the database. You can (and should) submit your credit on the show at the same time. A separate FAQ page for new title submissions can be found here.

My credit should be there -- why doesn't it show?
The vast majority of credits are submitted by users and/or people connected with the production of a title. If your credit is not there, it probably just means nobody submitted it yet. You are more than welcome to submit it yourself. You do not have to wait for the producers or the director of the film to send it: just find the title in the database, click on the Edit page button at the bottom of that page and follow the on-screen instructions.

My credit used to be listed but now it's gone! Why?
When a title is announced or in production and is added to the database, our editors will normally start accepting credits for it. These credits, as per the disclaimer on the page, are always subject to change and can be removed at any time. When the title is actually released (or about to be released) and credits are finalized by the production, our editors routinely compare our listing with the actual on-screen credits and delete any entries that cannot be verified or do not match. If you used to be listed on a title and your credit has disappeared, it means our editors could not verify its accuracy during one of these routine checks.

But I was in the title! Put it back!
If you think your credit was removed by mistake, you are welcome to resubmit it. However, please note that our editors may not accept it unless it can be verified.

I can prove that I worked on the title. Why won't you list my credit?
We try to list everyone who was credited on each title. "Credited" means that your name appears in the title's opening or end titles and therefore you received on-screen billing. If your name does not appear in the credits, please see our uncredited appearance guidelines.

If you were not credited you can submit your entry and add (uncredited) in the Attributes field. Please be aware, however, that acceptance of these submission is entirely at our editors' discretion.

My contract says that I'm entitled to a screen credit. Isn't that enough?
Our experience is that sometimes people do not receive on-screen billing, even when a credit is contractually mandated. This could be due to accidental omissions or subsequent contractual changes -- regardless of the reason and of any contractual stipulations, we aim to list credits as they appear on-screen.

I worked on a title and I was credited! How do I prove that to you?
First, you should resubmit the update via the site. You can go back to your original update in your update history and edit it and re-send it. You should double check that the entry does fulfill our eligibility requirements and provide additional information for our editors. You can do so via the IMDb Get Satisfaction User Community Platform.

When you click on the Edit page button at the bottom of the page for the person or film you are trying to update, scroll down to the bottom of the submission form and check the "Miscellaneous Comment" or "Miscellaneous Correction" options. Then, on the next page, select the appropriate option from the drop-down menu (e.g., if you are adding a comment for an acting credit, select "Actor" or "Actress"; if you are adding a comment regarding a screenwriting credit, select "Writer", etc.) and type your comment in the text field. Everything you enter here will be sent directly to the staff in charge of that section of data on the site (and will not show up on the site -- this is for internal communication only). If you want to provide additional information to help us accept your submission, this is the way to do it.

How can I provide proof that my submission is valid?
Please keep in mind that we require verification of on-screen billing. In other words, we do not just want verification that you were involved in the making of a film -- we want evidence that your name appears in the main or end titles. Cast/crew call sheets, contracts, payment receipts, etc. are not evidence of on-screen billing. If you are able to prove that the credit does appear on screen (e.g., by providing a screener copy or a screen grab of the credits or similar materials), please contact us and we'll give you further instructions.

I don't want to be bothered with this. I assure you that the data is correct and I demand that you take my word and accept it.

Sorry, nothing personal -- but if our staff has not allowed your submission the first time around, it means that they will need verification before they can accept it. Also please remember that all submissions are subject to our editorial approval -- while we do our best to be as comprehensive and exhaustive as possible, we reserve the right to reject or withdraw information at any time at our sole discretion.

I deserved an on-screen credit, but I was left out by mistake. You should list me anyway, since I worked on/appeared in it.

We list credits as they appear on screen, regardless of what job was performed, so as to not involve IMDb in disputes over who deserved credits. If you did not receive an on-screen credit, you may be eligible for an (uncredited) credit (subject to editorial approval). See our uncredited guidelines for more details.

If my credit is not eligible, then why do you list these other guys who performed the same job as I did and were not credited either?
It is entirely possible that their credits are ineligible too and that they should not be listed. If you notice inaccurate entries, please submit a correction/deletion (and provide an appropriate explanation in the required comment field) and our editors will rectify the inaccuracy.

How to add yourself to IMDb

Have you worked on a movie? How about a TV or web series? If so, you’re probably eligible for an IMDb page. Follow these steps to add yourself...

Make sure you aren't already listed. We have many millions of credits in the database, so unless you've just started your career or worked only on a very recent film, it's likely that one of your credits is already listed (maybe under a different spelling of your name). All pages on IMDb feature a search box at the top of the page. Just enter your name and click ‘Go’.

Make sure we list the movie/show you worked on: All pages on IMDb feature a search box at the top of the page. Just enter the title of the movie/show and click ‘Go’. If we don’t list it yet, you can add it through our New Title Submission Form, then add yourself to it once it’s on IMDb.

Once the title is on IMDb, go to the page, scroll down to the bottom and click ‘Edit Page’.

Find the department you worked in under the heading ‘Cast and Crew’. Select the appropriate action (No change, Correct/Delete, or Add n credits) from the drop-down menu next to that department, then scroll to the bottom of the page and click ‘Continue’.

You will be presented with a form, which may include some of the following boxes:

Name
Enter your first and second name in that order (eg. Cruise, Tom)

If you were a member of the cast, you will need to select whether you’re an actor or actress from the buttons just underneath.

Hit return or click ‘Check these updates’. You may be presented with a list of people with the same name. Check none of these are you, even if you’ve already done your own search.

If you’re absolutely sure you’re not listed yet, select either ‘This is a different person not currently listed - create …’ or ‘I am not sure - submit it as ... and let IMDb staff decide.’

Character (cast only) If you were a member of the cast (not the crew), you will need to enter a character name. In most cases, we want the character name exactly as it appeared on the screen in the credits. There are a few exceptions to this rule, so please see our guide for more info.

Occupation (crew only) If you were a member of the crew (not the cast), you will need to enter what your specific occupation was with regard to this production. The most common occupations within this department will be listed in the drop-down menu. If your occupation isn’t in the menu then select ‘Other’ and enter it yourself in the box underneath. If you’re entering the occupation yourself, then it’s especially important that you read our guide.

Attribute (if applicable). Most filmography additions will have a box marked ‘attribute’. This box is used to provide additional details about the credit. For example (this is the most common usage) if you worked on a film but your name did not appear in the on-screen credits, you need to put (uncredited) in the attribute box. The attribute box is not the place to include extra information like the name of the film's director, or the fact that the TV movie for which you're adding the credit was a pilot, or anything else. If in doubt, leave this box blank. See here for more information.

Order (if applicable). This is the order in which your name appeared on the screen in the credits, relevant to the other credited people. This is not the order you want this credit to be on your filmography. If you weren’t listed in the on-screen credits then don’t enter an order number, just make sure you’ve put (uncredited) in the attribute box. See here for more information.

When you've entered all the information, go to the bottom of the page and click on the ‘Check these updates’ button to proceed to the next step.

If you’ve entered everything correctly, your data will be ready to submit and you’ll see the ‘Submit these updates’ button at the bottom of the page. Otherwise, errors will be highlighted and the form will ask you to correct them before letting you proceed. If you need to correct anything, just follow the on-screen instructions and correct your submission or supply the missing data and click on ‘Re-check these updates’ to try again.

To display a detailed list of the changes you're about to send, click ‘Click to see full summary’.
To complete your update, click ‘Submit these updates’ and your changes will be sent to the IMDb Data Editors for checking. You will also receive an email confirmation of your submission.

Sources, References & Credits: Google, Wikipedia, Wikihow, WikiBooks, Pinterest, IMDB, Linked In, Indie Wire, Film Making Stuff, Hiive, Film Daily, New York Film Academy, The Balance, Careers Hub, The Numbers, Film Maker, TV Guide Magazine, Blurb, Media Match, Quora, Creative Skill Set, Chron, Investopedia, Variety, No Film School, WGA, BBC, Daily Variety, The Film Agency, Best Sample Resume, How Stuff Works, Studio Binder, Career Trend, Producer's Code of Credits, Truity, Production Hub, Producers Guild of America, Film Connection, Variety, Wolf Crow, Get In Media, Production Beast, Sony Pictures, Warner Bros, UCAS, Frankenbite, Realty 101, Careers Hub, Screen Play Scripts, Elements of Cinema, Script Doctor, ASCAP, Film Independent, Any Possibility, CTLsites, NYFA, Future Learn, VOM Productions, Mad Studios, DP School, DGA, IATSE, ASC, MPAA, HFPA, MPSE, CDG, AFI, Posting Bros,

THIS ARTICLE IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. THE INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND BRUCE BISBEY MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, REGARDING THIS INFORMATION. BRUCE BISBEY DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE COMPLETENESS, ACCURACY OR TIMELINESS OF THIS INFORMATION. YOUR USE OF THIS INFORMATION IS AT YOUR OWN RISK. YOU ASSUME FULL RESPONSIBILITY AND RISK OF LOSS RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. BRUCE BISBEY WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES WHATSOEVER, WHETHER IN AN ACTION BASED UPON A STATUTE, CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE, RELATING TO THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION.

IMDB / Photo Credit: Seed & Spark

WHAT DOES AN INTERNET MOVIE DATABASE RATING MEAN? (In the Entertainment industry.)

What Determines A Rating On IMDB / Photo Credit: Posting Bros

WHAT DOES AN INTERNET MOVIE DATABASE RATING MEAN? (In the Entertainment industry.)         

Bruce Bisbey…please follow me at: https://dumbdogproductions.com/

What does an IMDB / Internet Movie Database rating mean?

User ratings of films. As one adjunct to data, the IMDb offers a rating scale that allows users to rate films on a scale of one to ten. ... IMDb indicates that submitted ratings are filtered and weighted in various ways in order to produce a weighted mean that is displayed for each film, series, and so on.

All the registered members of IMDb can cast their votes/ratings for any movie. IMDb takes all the individual votes cast by the registered users and uses them to calculate a single rating. The rating displayed on a movie's page is a weighted average rating.

IMDB use their own algorithm to determine the number of votes and their quality. The number of votes influences IMDb rating scheme. However, before IMDb calculates the final rating of a movie, each cast vote is keenly evaluated. Though each cast vote is used to compute a single rating, IMDb does not determine the results based on mean or average votes but on weighted average instead. The evaluation of each vote is to help IMDb identify who voted.

Despite the fact that IMDb displays all the votes cast, for an IMDb vote to count, it has to be from a registered user. To make sure the voting process is fair to all, a registered user is only allowed to rate a movie once. Besides, users have a right to make changes when they wish to.

In case an IMDb user updates the rating on a particular film, the new rating overwrites the previous one. This is the reason why most movie rating goes down without showing any change in the number of votes.

User ratings of films       

It has been alleged that the rating system is flawed, for several reasons.

IMDb indicates that submitted ratings are filtered and weighted in various ways in order to produce a weighted mean that is displayed for each film, series, and so on. It states that filters are used to avoid ballot stuffing; the method is not described in detail to avoid attempts to circumvent it. In fact, it sometimes produces an extreme difference between the weighted average and the arithmetic mean.

Rankings
The IMDb Top 250 is a list of the top rated 250 films, based on ratings by the registered users of the website using the methods described. As of 7 February 2019, The Shawshank Redemption is #1 on the list. The "Top 250" rating is based on only the ratings of "regular voters". The number of votes a registered user would have to make to be considered as a user who votes regularly has been kept secret. IMDb has stated that to maintain the effectiveness of the Top 250 list they "deliberately do not disclose the criteria used for a person to be counted as a regular voter". In addition to other weightings, the Top 250 films are also based on a weighted rating formula referred to in actuarial science as a credibility formula. This label arises because a statistic is taken to be more credible the greater the number of individual pieces of information; in this case from eligible users who submit ratings. Although the current formula is not disclosed, IMDb originally used the following formula to calculate their weighted rating.

The IMDb also has a Bottom 100 feature which is assembled through a similar process although only 1500 votes must be received to qualify for the list.

The Top 250 list comprises a wide range of feature films, including major releases, cult films, independent films, critically acclaimed films, silent films, and non-English language films. Documentaries, short films and TV episodes are not currently included.

Since 2015, there has been a Top 250 list devoted to ranking television shows.

Sources, References & Credits: Google, Wikipedia, Wikihow, WikiBooks, Pinterest, IMDB, Linked In, Indie Wire, Film Making Stuff, Hiive, Film Daily, New York Film Academy, The Balance, Careers Hub, The Numbers, Film Maker, TV Guide Magazine, Blurb, Media Match, Quora, Creative Skill Set, Chron, Investopedia, Variety, No Film School, WGA, BBC, Daily Variety, The Film Agency, Best Sample Resume, How Stuff Works, Studio Binder, Career Trend, Producer's Code of Credits, Truity, Production Hub, Producers Guild of America, Film Connection, Variety, Wolf Crow, Get In Media, Production Beast, Sony Pictures, Warner Bros, UCAS, Frankenbite, Realty 101, Careers Hub, Screen Play Scripts, Elements of Cinema, Script Doctor, ASCAP, Film Independent, Any Possibility, CTLsites, NYFA, Future Learn, VOM Productions, Mad Studios, DP School, DGA, IATSE, ASC, MPAA, HFPA, MPSE, CDG, AFI, Posting Bros,

THIS ARTICLE IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. THE INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND BRUCE BISBEY MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, REGARDING THIS INFORMATION. BRUCE BISBEY DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE COMPLETENESS, ACCURACY OR TIMELINESS OF THIS INFORMATION. YOUR USE OF THIS INFORMATION IS AT YOUR OWN RISK. YOU ASSUME FULL RESPONSIBILITY AND RISK OF LOSS RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. BRUCE BISBEY WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES WHATSOEVER, WHETHER IN AN ACTION BASED UPON A STATUTE, CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE, RELATING TO THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION.

What Determines A Rating On IMDB / Photo Credit: Posting Bros

WHAT IS IMDB / INTERNET MOVIE DATABASE? (In the Entertainment industry.)

IMDB logo / Photo Credit: IMDB

WHAT IS IMDB / INTERNET MOVIE DATABASE? (In the Entertainment industry.)         

Bruce Bisbey…please follow me at: https://dumbdogproductions.com/

What is IMDB / Internet Movie Database?

The Internet Movie Database is the largest, most comprehensive movie database on the Web. This amazingly detailed and rich source of film data features top movies, movie news, movie reviews, movie trailers, movie show times, DVD movie reviews, celebrity profiles, etc. The Internet Movie Database (IMDb) truly is a mammoth depository of movie information.

IMDb (Internet Movie Database) is an online database of information related to films, television programs, home videos and video games, and internet streams, including cast, production crew and personnel biographies, plot summaries, trivia, and fan reviews and ratings. An additional fan feature, message boards, was abandoned in February 2017. Originally a fan-operated website, the database is owned and operated by IMDb.com, Inc., a subsidiary of Amazon.

As of October 2018, IMDb has approximately 5.3 million titles (including episodes) and 9.3 million personalities in its database, as well as 83 million registered users.

Features
The movie and talent pages of IMDb are accessible to all internet users, but a registration process is necessary to contribute information to the site.

Most data in the database is provided by volunteer contributors. The site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Users with a proven track record of submitting factual data are given instant approval for additions or corrections to cast, credits, and other demographics of media product and personalities. However, image, name, character name, plot summaries, and title changes are supposedly screened before publication, and usually take between 24 and 72 hours to appear.

All registered users choose their own site name, and most operate anonymously. They have a profile page which shows how long a registered user has been a member, as well as personal movie ratings (should the user decide to display them) and, since 2015, "badges" are added representing how many contributions a particular registered user has submitted. These badges range from total contributions made to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, etc. If a registered user or visitor is in the entertainment industry and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDBPro. There is no single index of contributors, no index on each profile page of the items contributed, and (except for plot synopses and biographies) no identification of contributors to each product's or person's data pages.

Users are also invited to rate any film on a scale of 1 to 10, and the totals are converted into a weighted mean-rating that is displayed beside each title, with online filters employed to deter ballot-stuffing.

In January 2019, IMDb launched a free movie streaming platform called Freedive, an ad-supported service offering Hollywood movie titles and TV shows. Many Freedive titles are licensed from Sony Pictures.

History
History before website
IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled "Those Eyes", about actresses with beautiful eyes. Others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an "Actors List", while Dave Knight began a "Directors List", and Andy Krieg took over "THE LIST" from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the "Actress List". Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, but soon retired people were added, so Needham started what was then (but did not remain) a separate "Dead Actors/Actresses List". Steve Hammond started collecting and merging character names for both the actors and actresses lists. When these achieved popularity, they were merged back into the lists themselves. The goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible.

By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17, 1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, and thus the database that would become the IMDb was born. At the time, it was known as the "rec.arts.movies movie database".

On the web
The database had been expanded to include additional categories of filmmakers and other demographic material as well as trivia, biographies, and plot summaries. The movie ratings had been properly integrated with the list data, and a centralized email interface for querying the database had been created by Alan Jay. Later, in 1993, it moved onto the World Wide Web, (a network in its infancy at that time) under the name of Cardiff Internet Movie Database. The database resided on the servers of the computer science department of Cardiff University in Wales. Rob Hartill was the original web interface author. In 1994, the email interface was revised to accept the submission of all information, which enabled people to email the specific list maintainer with their updates. However, the structure remained so that information received on a single film was divided among multiple section managers, the sections being defined and determined by categories of film personnel and the individual filmographies contained therein. Over the next few years, the database was run on a network of mirrors across the world with donated bandwidth.

As an independent company
In 1996 IMDb was incorporated in the United Kingdom, becoming the Internet Movie Database Ltd. Founder Col. Needham became the primary owner as well as the figurehead. General revenue for site operations was generated through advertising, licensing and partnerships.

As Amazon.com subsidiary (1998–present)
In 1998, Jeff Bezos, founder, owner, and CEO of Amazon.com, struck a deal with Needham and other principal shareholders to buy IMDb outright for approximately $55 million and attach it to Amazon as a subsidiary, private company. This gave IMDb the ability to pay the shareholders salaries for their work, while Amazon.com would be able to use IMDb as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes.

IMDb continued to expand its functionality. On January 15, 2002, it added a subscription service known as IMDbPro, aimed at entertainment professionals. IMDbPro was announced and launched at the 2002 Sundance Film Festival. It provides a variety of services including film production and box office details, as well as a company directory and the ability of subscribers to add personal information pages with details at variance with pages about them appearing in the database.

As an additional incentive for users, as of 2003, users identified as one of "the top 100 contributors" of hard data received complimentary free access to IMDbPro for the following calendar year; for 2006 this was increased to the top 150 contributors, and for 2010 to the top 250. In 2008, IMDb launched their first official foreign language version with the German IMDb.de. Also in 2008, IMDb acquired two other companies: Withoutabox and Box Office Mojo.

The website was originally Perl-based, but IMDb no longer discloses what software it uses for reasons of security. As of May 2011, the site has been filtered in China for more than one year, although many users address it through proxy server or by VPN.

IMDbPro
Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and upload photos of themselves for a yearly fee. This fee gives them membership in IMDbPro. IMDbPro can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is US$19.99 per month, or if paid annually, US$149.99. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in IMDbPro for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as an IMDb user and contribute to the site as well as view its content, however those users enrolled in IMDbPro have greater access and privileges.

Television episodes numbers
On January 26, 2006, "Full Episode Support" came online, allowing the database to support separate cast and crew listings for each episode of every television series. This increased the number of titles in the database from 485,000 to nearly 755,000.

Characters' filmography
On October 2, 2007, the characters' filmography was added. Character entries are created from character listings in the main filmography database, and as such do not need any additional verification by IMDb staff. They have already been verified when they are added to the main filmography.

Instant viewing
On September 15, 2008, a feature was added that enables instant viewing of over 6,000 movies and television shows from CBS, Sony and a number of independent film makers, with direct links from their profiles. Due to licensing restrictions, this feature is available only to viewers in the United States.

This feature has since been discontinued. As quoted from IMDb.com video faq's "You won't be able to view the movie or TV Show on IMDb. The videos on IMDb are Trailers, Interviews, Clips, Featurettes, and other original content that dive deeper into great movies and TV shows."

Freedive: On January 10, 2019 free viewing option for US locations was once again added. Freedive is available on the IMDb website and on Amazon Fire TV devices. The difference is that this time the content has embedded ads which cannot be skipped.

Content and format
Data provided by subjects
In 2006, IMDb introduced its "Résumé Subscription Service", where actors and crew can post their own résumé and upload photos of themselves for a yearly fee. The base annual charge for including a photo with an account was US$39.95 until 2010, when it was increased to US$54.95. IMDb résumé pages are kept on a sub-page of the regular entry about that person, with a regular entry automatically created for each résumé subscriber who does not already have one.

As of 2012, Resume Services is now included as part of an IMDbPro subscription, and is no longer offered as a separate subscription service.

Copyright, vandalism and error issues
All volunteers who contribute content to the database technically retain copyright on their contributions but the compilation of the content becomes the exclusive property of IMDb with the full right to copy, modify, and sublicense it and they are verified before posting. Credit is not given on specific title or filmography pages to the contributor(s) who have provided information. Conversely, a credited text entry, such as a plot summary, may be corrected for content, grammar, sentence structure, perceived omission or error, by other contributors without having to add their names as co-authors. Due to the time required for processing submitted data or text before it is displayed, IMDb is different from user-contributed projects like Wikipedia, Discogs, or OpenStreetMap in that contributors cannot add, delete, or modify the data or text on impulse, and the manipulation of data is controlled by IMDb technology and salaried staff.

IMDb has been subject to deliberate additions of false information; in 2012 a spokesperson said: "We make it easy for users and professionals to update much of our content, which is why we have an 'edit page.' The data that is submitted goes through a series of consistency checks before it goes live. Given the sheer volume of the information, occasional mistakes are inevitable, and, when reported, they are promptly fixed. We always welcome corrections."

The Java Movie Database (JMDB) is reportedly creating an IMDb_Error.log file that lists all the errors found while processing the IMDb plain text files. A Wiki alternative to IMDb is Open Media Database whose content is also contributed by users but licensed under CC-by and the GFDL. Since 2007, IMDb has been experimenting with wiki-programmed sections for complete film synopses, parental guides, and FAQs about titles as determined by (and answered by) individual contributors.

Data format and access
IMDb does not provide an API for automated queries. However, most of the data can be downloaded as compressed plain text files and the information can be extracted using the command-line interface tools provided. There is also a Java-based graphical user interface (GUI) application available that is able to process the compressed plain text files, which allows a search and a display of the information. This GUI application supports different languages, but the movie related data are in English, as made available by IMDb. A Python package called IMDbPY can also be used to process the compressed plain text files into a number of different SQL databases, enabling easier access to the entire dataset for searching or data mining.

Film titles
The IMDb has sites in English as well as versions translated completely or in part into other languages (Danish, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish and Romanian). The non-English language sites display film titles in the specified language. Originally, IMDb's English language sites displayed titles according to their original country-of-origin language, however, in 2010 IMDb began allowing individual users in the UK and USA to choose primary title display by either the original-language titles, or the US or UK release title (normally, in English).

Ancillary features
User ratings of films
As one adjunct to data, the IMDb offers a rating scale that allows users to rate films on a scale of one to ten. It has been alleged that the rating system is flawed, for several reasons.

IMDb indicates that submitted ratings are filtered and weighted in various ways in order to produce a weighted mean that is displayed for each film, series, and so on. It states that filters are used to avoid ballot stuffing; the method is not described in detail to avoid attempts to circumvent it. In fact, it sometimes produces an extreme difference between the weighted average and the arithmetic mean.

Rankings
The IMDb Top 250 is a list of the top rated 250 films, based on ratings by the registered users of the website using the methods described. As of 7 February 2019, The Shawshank Redemption is #1 on the list. The "Top 250" rating is based on only the ratings of "regular voters". The number of votes a registered user would have to make to be considered as a user who votes regularly has been kept secret. IMDb has stated that to maintain the effectiveness of the Top 250 list they "deliberately do not disclose the criteria used for a person to be counted as a regular voter". In addition to other weightings, the Top 250 films are also based on a weighted rating formula referred to in actuarial science as a credibility formula. This label arises because a statistic is taken to be more credible the greater the number of individual pieces of information; in this case from eligible users who submit ratings. Although the current formula is not disclosed, IMDb originally used the following formula to calculate their weighted rating:

The IMDb also has a Bottom 100 feature which is assembled through a similar process although only 1500 votes must be received to qualify for the list.

The Top 250 list comprises a wide range of feature films, including major releases, cult films, independent films, critically acclaimed films, silent films, and non-English language films. Documentaries, short films and TV episodes are not currently included.

Since 2015, there has been a Top 250 list devoted to ranking television shows.

Message boards
Beginning in 2001, the Internet Movie Database also maintained message boards for every title (excepting, as of 2013, TV episodes) and name entry, along with over 140 main boards. This began in 2001. In order to post on the message boards a user needed to "authenticate" their account via cell phone, credit card, or by having been a recent customer of the parent company Amazon.com. Message boards expanded in recent years. The Soapbox started in 1999 as a general message board meant for debates on any subjects. The Politics board started in 2007 was a message board to discuss politics, news events, and current affairs, as well as history and economics.

By February 20, 2017, all the message boards and their content were permanently removed. According to the website, the decision was made because the boards were "no longer providing a positive, useful experience for the vast majority of our more than 250 million monthly users worldwide", and others have mentioned its susceptibility to trolling and disagreeable behavior. Col Needham also mentioned in a post some months earlier that the boards received less income from ads, and that their members only made up a very small part of the website's visitors. The boards were costly to run due to the system's age and dated design, which did not make business sense. The decision to remove the message boards was met with outspoken backlash from some of its users, and sparked an online petition garnering over 8,000 signatures. In the days leading up to February 20, 2017, both Archive.org and MovieChat.org preserved the entire contents of the IMDb message boards using web scraping. Archive.org and MovieChat.org have published IMDb message board archives, which is legal under the fair use doctrine, because it has no effect on IMDb's potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.

Litigation
In 2011, in the case of Hoang v. Amazon.com, IMDb was sued by an anonymous actress for more than US$1,000,000 due to IMDb's revealing her age (40, at the time). The actress claimed that revealing her age could cause her to lose acting opportunities. Judge Marsha J. Pechman, a U.S. district judge in Seattle, dismissed the lawsuit, saying the actress had no grounds to proceed with an anonymous complaint. The actress re-filed and so revealed that she was Huong Hoang of Texas, who uses the stage name Junie Hoang. In 2013, Pechman dismissed all causes of action except for a breach of contract claim against IMDb; a jury then sided with IMDb on that claim. The Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed the district court judgment in March 2015.

Also in 2011, in the case of United Video Properties Inc., et al. v. Amazon.Com Inc. et al., IMDb and Amazon were sued by Rovi Corporation and others for patent infringement over their various program listing offerings. The patent claims were ultimately construed in a way favorable to IMDb and Rovi / United Video Properties lost the case. In April 2014, the decision was affirmed by the U.S. Court of Appeals.

On January 1, 2017, the State of California implemented state bill AB-1687, a SAG-AFTRA-backed anti-ageism statute which requires "commercial online entertainment employment services" to honor requests by their subscribers for their ages and birthdays to be hidden. By the beginning of 2017, IMDb had received more than 2,300 requests from individuals to remove their date of birth from the site. Included in this group were 10 Academy Award winners and another 71 nominated for Oscars, Emmys, or Golden Globes. On February 23, 2017, Judge Vince Girdhari Chhabria issued a stay on the bill pending a further trial, claiming that it possibly violated the First Amendment because it inhibited the public consumption of factual information. He also questioned the intent of the bill, as it was ostensibly meant to target IMDb.

Sources, References & Credits: Google, Wikipedia, Wikihow, WikiBooks, Pinterest, IMDB, Linked In, Indie Wire, Film Making Stuff, Hiive, Film Daily, New York Film Academy, The Balance, Careers Hub, The Numbers, Film Maker, TV Guide Magazine, Blurb, Media Match, Quora, Creative Skill Set, Chron, Investopedia, Variety, No Film School, WGA, BBC, Daily Variety, The Film Agency, Best Sample Resume, How Stuff Works, Studio Binder, Career Trend, Producer's Code of Credits, Truity, Production Hub, Producers Guild of America, Film Connection, Variety, Wolf Crow, Get In Media, Production Beast, Sony Pictures, Warner Bros, UCAS, Frankenbite, Realty 101, Careers Hub, Screen Play Scripts, Elements of Cinema, Script Doctor, ASCAP, Film Independent, Any Possibility, CTLsites, NYFA, Future Learn, VOM Productions, Mad Studios, DP School, DGA, IATSE, ASC, MPAA, HFPA, MPSE, CDG, AFI, Life Wire,

THIS ARTICLE IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. THE INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND BRUCE BISBEY MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, REGARDING THIS INFORMATION. BRUCE BISBEY DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE COMPLETENESS, ACCURACY OR TIMELINESS OF THIS INFORMATION. YOUR USE OF THIS INFORMATION IS AT YOUR OWN RISK. YOU ASSUME FULL RESPONSIBILITY AND RISK OF LOSS RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. BRUCE BISBEY WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES WHATSOEVER, WHETHER IN AN ACTION BASED UPON A STATUTE, CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE, RELATING TO THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION.

IMDB logo / Photo Credit: IMDB

Wednesday, May 1, 2019

WHAT IS A LOOKBOOK? (In the Entertainment industry.)

Lookbook / Photo Credit: Movie Maker Magazine

WHAT IS A LOOKBOOK? (In the Entertainment industry.)         


What is a Lookbook?

A lookbook is a collection of photographs compiled to show off a portfolio of locations, set designs, storyboards, models, photographer, style, stylist, hair or makeup.

Lookbooks in their online form can be described as "diaries" because bloggers are constantly updating them on a daily or weekly basis. However, sometimes they are made to compile the looks of other people such as a celebrity, politician or socialite. They can also be used as an artist's portfolio.


Write, Direct, Repeat: Lookbooks for Films and Scripts
Following Article By: Kim Garland

In my own pursuit of Write, Direct, Repeat, I’m currently deep in the writing phase. I’m working on a couple of short film scripts and a couple of feature scripts, and ever since I began directing, I can’t resist writing everything with an eye toward directing it myself.

Because of this relationship that has developed between my writer and director selves, I adapted what is traditionally a director’s tool — the lookbook — into my new favorite obsession: the writer’s lookbook.

In filmmaking, a lookbook is a collection of photographs selected as visual references to express the director’s vision for the look and feel of the film. Traditionally, a lookbook contains photographs but you can include whatever helps you get your ideas across, including drawings or even a multimedia lookbook.

A director’s lookbook is usually shared during pre-production with the key department heads on a film, especially in the camera and art departments. I’ve found that every step I’ve taken when developing lookbooks has been invaluable for honing in on the myriad of choices I’ll need to make in order to direct the film.

THE DIRECTOR’S LOOKBOOK

My director side was already a big fan of the lookbook. I created my first one at the request of Roberta Munroe, the powerhouse Producer of my first short film, Vivienne Again. We had just moved into pre-production and she wanted me to have it ready to give to key department heads as they were hired.

As I compiled my lookbook, it was the first time I could really felt myself shifting hats from writer to director.

The first step I took was to break down my script and look for all of the specific visual details I incorporated while writing. I had built a lot of images into the script and could quickly make note of where I had made selections for the look of the film and where I hadn’t.

Next, I took my list of characters, locations, props, etc, and went to town with Google Images. Not only is it ridiculously fun to pour over images and call it work, but it was also essential for me to uncover all of the choices I would have to make to go from script to screen.

Once I had a huge collection of images, I began to cull them down to the two or three that I felt best represented my vision for the overall tone and style of the film, including costumes, hair and makeup, lighting, and framing. I organized the photos, labeled them, laid them out in a word processing app, saved as a PDF and voilĂ … a lookbook!

Tip: Your lookbook is intended to offer visual references and work as a jumping off point for discussions, but it’s not meant to lock any of your ideas in stone. Just as you need to let go of being precious about your script when you direct it, you also need to see your lookbook as a blueprint to help you and your team find the best visuals for your film.

Examples: You can find highlights from the lookbooks for my short films Vivienne Again and Deal Travis In on Pinterest. In addition, you can watch both films for free at my website and compare them to the lookbooks to see how those references translated to the screen.

THE WRITER’S LOOKBOOK

The transition to using a lookbook for writing, in addition to directing, began when I started working on the script for the third short film of a trilogy I’m creating. The films are all set in the same world, but after completing the first films, I had trouble envisioning them as part of the same story world and not as two individual films.

I needed to see these stories and characters in a fresh way so I got a bulletin board and started pinning up images from the completed films. I grouped characters based on their story roles, not on the films they were in, and immediately my view expanded.

From there, I added images I’d googled that referenced new ideas I had for the third film and mixed them right in with the rest. Since I didn’t know where the third story was heading, I re-arranged the board to look more like a police detective’s board you’d see on TV to further egg on my imagination to uncover the illusive new story idea.

Over a period of about a week, I built the board and to this day I’m still adding new ideas to it as I write. It absolutely allowed me to see my story with new eyes at a point where I felt stuck.

During this process, I realized I was creating a writer’s lookbook. It was in a different form than the director’s book (on a bulletin board vs a portable doc) and working toward a different goal (to assist me in brainstorming vs share my visual ideas for the film) but it was helping me to “see” my story nonetheless.

Since then, I’ve created three more lookbook boards for three more projects. Just as with the director’s lookbook, I gather photos from different elements in the script, such as locations, props, and costumes, and use these images to build a visual world for myself.

As I outline or write scenes, the images keep the style and tone of the world in focus and remind me to look for those telling details that can bring the story to life on the page.

Creating clear pictures in the reader’s mind using nothing but words is one of the great challenges for writers. Since I’m writing for film, I’m especially interested in learning how directors develop and build their story worlds visually and I’m not above cribbing tools and techniques from wherever I can.

The director’s lookbook was wisely recommended to me and helped me immensely in working through my ideas and then expressing them to key department heads. Taking those same tools, my new writer’s lookbooks are giving me one more way to train myself to think visually and get my stories and characters from the script to the screen… where they belong.

Sources, References & Credits: Google, Wikipedia, Wikihow, WikiBooks, Pinterest, IMDB, Linked In, Indie Wire, Film Making Stuff, Hiive, Film Daily, New York Film Academy, The Balance, Careers Hub, The Numbers, Film Maker, TV Guide Magazine, Blurb, Media Match, Quora, Creative Skill Set, Chron, Investopedia, Variety, No Film School, WGA, BBC, Daily Variety, The Film Agency, Best Sample Resume, How Stuff Works, Studio Binder, Career Trend, Producer's Code of Credits, Truity, Production Hub, Producers Guild of America, Film Connection, Variety, Wolf Crow, Get In Media, Production Beast, Sony Pictures, Warner Bros, UCAS, Frankenbite, Realty 101, Careers Hub, Screen Play Scripts, Elements of Cinema, Script Doctor, ASCAP, Film Independent, Any Possibility, CTLsites, NYFA, Future Learn, VOM Productions, Mad Studios, DP School, DGA, IATSE, ASC, MPAA, HFPA, MPSE, CDG, AFI, F & W Media, Kim Garland,

THIS ARTICLE IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. THE INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND BRUCE BISBEY MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, REGARDING THIS INFORMATION. BRUCE BISBEY DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE COMPLETENESS, ACCURACY OR TIMELINESS OF THIS INFORMATION. YOUR USE OF THIS INFORMATION IS AT YOUR OWN RISK. YOU ASSUME FULL RESPONSIBILITY AND RISK OF LOSS RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. BRUCE BISBEY WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES WHATSOEVER, WHETHER IN AN ACTION BASED UPON A STATUTE, CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE, RELATING TO THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION.

Lookbook / Photo Credit: Movie Maker Magazine

WHY DO ACTORS TAKE UNCREDITED ROLES? (In the Entertainment industry.)

Film Billing Credits / Photo Credit: Studio Binder – Bruce Bisbey WHY DO ACTORS TAKE UNCREDITED ROLES? (In the Entertainment industry....